Sonos and the Spanning Tree Protocol

  • 10 June 2010
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Charlie, what is the model of network switch that you have? There are some unmanaged switches that block STP, though they are not common.

Deactivating the wireless on your wired Sonos players might also work, but leave it enabled on only one of them, so any wireless players can still connect.
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French Translation from Google... Hopefully it's accurate. :)

Charlie, ce qui est le modèle de commutateur de réseau que vous avez? Il y a des commutateurs non administrables qui bloquent STP, si elles ne sont pas communs.

Désactiver le sans fil sur vos lecteurs Sonos câblé pourrait également fonctionner, mais le laisser activé sur un seul d'entre eux, de sorte que tous les joueurs sans fil peuvent toujours se connecter.


Hey Mike thank's for your french !
The switch is a TL-SG108 from TP-LINK.
Actually I have the ORANGE livebox fiber modem and router. Than My NAS connected directly to the modem router, than the TL-SG108 (8 ports) to the router and another 5 ports Switch from TP link (the same as the 8 one).
my Imac connected to the router directly too.

Connected to the 8 ports I have 2 player 5, and 1 player 3 (and direct to one of the player five a Samsung connected TV in the dinnig room)
Connected to the 5 ports I have 1 connected samsung TV in the living room, 1 TV box from ORANGE, 1 sonos connect
Connected to the wifi I have a player 1 and ipad, macbook, etc....

As an example of my problem yestarday when I wanted to cast a movie from my NAS to my TV in the living room, I couldn't see the DNLA TVMOBILI that I use .
So I had to unplug the RJ45 connected to the swtich 5 ports and plug it again and it suddently found the network and the DNLA on the TV.
But this morning 0 SONOS woke me up and they are supposed to wake us up;
So I shut down the PLayer in the dinnig room and put it on again and all rooms where available again on the controler of the Ipad.

So everything is working but barely never all together. I alaways have to unpluged, reboot, plug again in order to make work the needed device.

Nothing is stable.

Merci for you help.

If you visit PARIS you are more than welcome for a drink !

Charles
I guess there's nothing to stop Sonos factoring all path costs -- wired and wireless -- by 20000, unless there's a 16-bit/65k limit in there somewhere. Given their redoubled focus on new, streaming customers -- most presumably connected via WiFi ('Standard Setup') -- in order to remain profitable, they might not feel that such tweaks are of the highest priority.
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Hey MikeV what's the chances of improving SonosNet to understand the STP path metrics the rest of the world has moved onto?

I've been buying Sonos gear for 10 years and am up to 9 zones in my house and love it; you make seriously the best working and least troublesome consumer electronics in the entire market. There are other companies with a reputation for "it just works" but they can't hold a candle to Sonos. EXCEPT for this dratted STP issue which has cost me hours of troubleshooting on multiple occasions. I used to have dumb switches and they work fine because there was no other STP in the mix and I didn't know what STP was and didn't have to. I upgraded my network to a low-end Cisco switch and everything broke, after quite a bit of troubleshooting I realized this was the cause and there was a way to tell the Cisco switch to use the old path costs, problem solved. Except this year I upgraded my network to an overall much nicer Ubiquiti Unifi switch, and the problems were a lot more subtle which meant they were a lot harder to track down but once again it turns out to be my good friend, conflicting STP path costs.

So now I have this fancy switch (Unifi) and this fancy self-configuring mesh network (Sonos) and they have incompatible STP implementations and neither one can be configured because in the modern world you're not supposed to configure things.

Well. So now I get to either unplug ethernet from all but 1 of my Sonos zones so SonosNet has no loops back onto my wired LAN (but then I might be subject to wireless interference), or unplug ethernet from ALL of my Sonos zones so they join my normal WiFi network, or play around with selectively disabling wireless on only some Sonos zones (all of these leave me more exposed to the vagaries of WiFi than I want to be), or figure out how to disable STP entirely on the Unifi switch, which is apparently possible but not easy.

It would be really really nice if Sonos STP played nice with the rest of the modern world, though, pretty please?
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Charlie, what is the model of network switch that you have? There are some unmanaged switches that block STP, though they are not common.

Deactivating the wireless on your wired Sonos players might also work, but leave it enabled on only one of them, so any wireless players can still connect.
----------
French Translation from Google... Hopefully it's accurate. :)

Charlie, ce qui est le modèle de commutateur de réseau que vous avez? Il y a des commutateurs non administrables qui bloquent STP, si elles ne sont pas communs.

Désactiver le sans fil sur vos lecteurs Sonos câblé pourrait également fonctionner, mais le laisser activé sur un seul d'entre eux, de sorte que tous les joueurs sans fil peuvent toujours se connecter.
Hello I really need your Help because you seem the best on SONOS products in the world.
If you could read the poor french forums and all the people crying for what I know now to be a broadcast storm !
I am so happy to finaly be able to put a name on my problem.
Anyway now I need you help to solve it because I don't have a managable switch with STP. Is there a quick and easy solution on the config menus of the players ?
Do i have to disable WIFI to all my RJ45 wired SONOS players ? Would it help or my only solution is to buy new switches with stp manageable ?

Excuse my english and thx for you help
Regards
Charles
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Sorry for resurrecting an old thread, but these ancient path costs used by Sonos has resulted in me having to disable WiFi on the new CONNECT I just added to my system (like I've had to do on other Sonos units). Without doing so, the Sonos desperately wants to use the crappy wireless link (minimum 60% duty cycle on all 2.4Ghz channels due to urban density) to the nearest neighbor instead of the wired Ethernet available to it. And since my topology is root switch distribution switch Sonos, it's not a simple matter to fudge the port cost on the distribution switch, since the cost of the link from root to distribution still dwarfs the cost Sonos applies to the wireless interference. (Sonos is showing 802.1W costs received from its wired neighbor (which does RSPT) and not even trying to scale that down to 802.1D much less the ancient 802.1D values it is using.)

Basically, I have one wired Sonos device with WiFi enabled to feed the one wireless PLAY:3 unit I have and then the rest of the wired devices I've had to disable WiFi because of the broken STP costs. The current STP costs are used by pretty much all switches at this point, and have been for years. Sonos really needs to get with the times on this one. And it won't cause backwards compatibility issues, since the modern costs are higher than the ancient STP costs Sonos uses. And since Sonos requires all devices to be on the same firmware level, they'd calculate equally as they do today, even if you had a really old wired switch topology in between them using the lower costs.
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I've actually taken some notes on the GS108T (although my notes are for the -200)

While it shouldn't necessarily require the RSTP step, it does seem to require the IGMP Snooping set to enabled.
STP
Basic
STP Configuration
Spanning Tree State: Disable
STP Operation Mode: RSTP
BPDU: Enable
Multicast
IGMP Snooping
IGMP Snooping Configuration
IGMP Snooping Status: Enabled

Let me know


Well, had my network go down today with a storm. Was working fine but I noticed that the Playbar network cable was unplugged. Plugged it in and down it went (I have another unit plugged in).

Now I had three gs108tv2's in a chain, all with stp enabled, however this did not seem to work. Set them up as shown above and now it's working perfectly again ! Cheers.
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After many years of troubles and endless hours of trying to reconfigure my switches and numerous fine updates on the SONOS software providing good features to us customers, I still wonder why SONOS never provided a feature allowing to switch from the very old IEEE 802.1D-1990 standard (the one proposing the cost to be 19 for 100MB link) to the more recent version of 1998 which would be more in line of nowadays default settings off the shelf switches are using.
Is there a reason why?


My guess is that this is just a legacy, but requires big changes to work as expected. The players calculates a dynamic path cost depending on the wireless signal quality, and to "adjust" this according to 802.1W standards is probably not as straight forward as one would expect.

Changing this would also break all current installations, as well as breaking backward compatibility with 802.1d-only switches (although, I would guess that these are rare today). Best option would be to make this configurable, but that is another complexity added to a system that strives for simplicity. There's probably a reason that most modern switches has a "classic" mode available too, maybe because there is still a big need for it.

Another reason could be that the linux kernel only seem to support 802.1d, and 802.1w seems to be available as a separate daemon. This might not integrate well with how the Sonos player operates, or add to much memory footprint to be usable in these limited devices, who knows.

Now, I only use 1 switch, and didn't have an issue reconfiguring it to work well with Sonos. It simplifies it a bit if you can isolate all your Sonos gear to 1 switch, but you should be able to correctly configure multiple switches as well, as long as you can lower the path cost for uplinks as well.
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After many years of troubles and endless hours of trying to reconfigure my switches and numerous fine updates on the SONOS software providing good features to us customers, I still wonder why SONOS never provided a feature allowing to switch from the very old IEEE 802.1D-1990 standard (the one proposing the cost to be 19 for 100MB link) to the more recent version of 1998 which would be more in line of nowadays default settings off the shelf switches are using.
Is there a reason why?
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The Linksys EG008W that was mentioned earlier has been discontinued, any suggestion on a currently available alternative?
Does anyone know if flow control should be enabled for the ports Sonos components are wired into?

Linksys by default sets all ports to 'none' for flow control instead of auto.

Just curious if this would help my situation. I have occasional hiccups with the STP settings where my system becomes unresponsive, but I'm trying to isolate STP issues that could possibly be causing my Linksys LAPAC1750PRO WAP's to stop working.
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I have now tried to battle with STP and Sonos. My network switches are all netgear gs108t v1 + v2 and gs716t. I have two sonos components a zp90(connect) and a play:1. Theese are connected to different switches. On the play:1 the port on the switch goes into discarding state, port cost is set to 10.
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Hello,
Thank you for your answer!
Regards,
Ced
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Hello,

Thank you for the explanations regarding STP.

I have well understood that SONOS ZonePlayers can be connected to Ethernet switches that do not support Spanning Tree as long as the Ethernet switches do not interfere with the STP BPDU packets transmitted between ZonePlayers.

Does this guarantee that connections will be done using the wired network?

In other words:
I have a very simple Ethernet network with a unique central switch to which RJ45 wall plugs are directly connected. My goal is to connect the Sonos ZP to the RJ45 wall plugs and be sure that the network used will be the wired one and not the Sonos Wireless Network.
Does this imply to use a manageable switch to be able to set a higher STP priority for/to the wired links?
Or with a simple switch (that does not support STP but do not interfere with the STP BPDU) the Sonos ZPs will deactivate all the wireless links?

Thank you for your help,
Regards,
Ced


A dumb switch would not add to the path cost, which means that the Sonos units will prefer the wired link over the wireless. Usually problem arises with managed switch that uses RSTP path costs, which would be higher than the wireless links. In those cases, you must manually reconfigure the managed switch to use classic STP or manually set the path costs for the Sonos ports to decent values.
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Hello,

Thank you for the explanations regarding STP.

I have well understood that SONOS ZonePlayers can be connected to Ethernet switches that do not support Spanning Tree as long as the Ethernet switches do not interfere with the STP BPDU packets transmitted between ZonePlayers.

Does this guarantee that connections will be done using the wired network?

In other words:
I have a very simple Ethernet network with a unique central switch to which RJ45 wall plugs are directly connected. My goal is to connect the Sonos ZP to the RJ45 wall plugs and be sure that the network used will be the wired one and not the Sonos Wireless Network.
Does this imply to use a manageable switch to be able to set a higher STP priority for/to the wired links?
Or with a simple switch (that does not support STP but do not interfere with the STP BPDU) the Sonos ZPs will deactivate all the wireless links?

Thank you for your help,
Regards,
Ced
Anyone looking for configuration settings of managed switches should also check this thread: Working STP settings of large cabled Sonos installation
Could you please set your default bridge priority to something really high?
FYI the bridge priority is set at 0x9000 (36864) for all Sonos players/bridges except for the first unit to be registered, which has a priority of 0x8000 (32768).

Also do we need to have IGMP snooping running for best Sonos performance? will this help to contain the multicast traffic to sonos only devices?

I seem to recall that people had problems when IGMP snooping was enabled, as SSDP traffic wasn't being forwarded correctly.
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Hi there,

We have had a lot of problems on many of our client sites recently.
The key to fixing these has been to set all of our managed switches with a low bridge priority.
set them to:
- switch one: 4096
- switch two: 8192
- switch three: 12288
- etc. incrementing in multiples of 4096

This will ensure that the Sonos is not the root bridge.

Mr Sonos,
Could you please set your default bridge priority to something really high?
Because Sonos MAC addresses start with 00:0E they are pretty much always the lowest MAC and will win the BRIDGE PRIORITY BATTLE by default which will lead to issues in the network because the switches will do what the Sonos tells them.

Also do we need to have IGMP snooping running for best Sonos performance? will this help to contain the multicast traffic to sonos only devices?

Is there some online training that your dealers can do that will teach us about the advanced aspects of Sonos network best practice?

Thanks.

Gerard.
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I've actually taken some notes on the GS108T (although my notes are for the -200)

While it shouldn't necessarily require the RSTP step, it does seem to require the IGMP Snooping set to enabled.
STP
Basic
STP Configuration
Spanning Tree State: Disable
STP Operation Mode: RSTP
BPDU: Enable
Multicast
IGMP Snooping
IGMP Snooping Configuration
IGMP Snooping Status: Enabled

Let me know
I never touch the STP on my switch in the living room. Maybe a litltle tweak in the RSTP could help.

Here my config.
PC ROOM
Netgear WRND3700 Router
Netgear ReadyNAS Pro Business (NAS)

A direct CAT6E (50 feet) cable go directly in port 1 of the GS108T switch in the living room.

Switch
Port 1 : Ethernet cable
Port 2: Sonos ZP90
Port 3: Netgear EVA9150 (MM player for HD)
Port 4: Xbox 360
Port 5: Blu-Ray
Port 6: HD TV

Here my settings for the RSTP

Bridge Priority: 32768 (default)
Bridge Max age: 20 (default)
Bridge hello time: 2 (default)
Bridge forward delay: 15 (default)

Port configuration

Port 1 (Direct ethernet cable)
Path cost : 1
Priority : 0
Edge : Yes
P2P Force: Yes
State: Forward

Port 2 (Sonos ZP90)
Path cost : 10
Priority : 128
Edge : No
P2P Force: Yes
State : Forward

Port 3 (EVA 9150 multimedia player)
Path cost : 3
Priority : 16
Edge : No
P2P Force: Yes

Port 4 (Xbox 360)
Path cost : 5
Priority : 32
Edge : No
P2P Force: Yes

Port 5 (BD player)
Path cost : 64
Priority : 160
Edge : No
P2P Force: Yes

Port 6 (HD TV)
Path cost : 64
Priority : 160
Edge : No
P2P Force: Yes

Is this configuration OK for the STP ?
I have not experienced any issues with the EG008W.
I'm wondering about installing this switch (Linksys EG008W).
It should be fine. It's an unmanaged switch which should simply flood STP traffic transparently.

SONOS ZonePlayers CAN be connected to Ethernet switches that do NOT support Spanning Tree as long as the Ethernet switches do not interfere with the STP BPDU packets transmitted between ZonePlayers. This is typically never the case and these switches pass the BPDU packets like any other packet.
Hi,

I'm trying to confirm if my wired network could be compatible with this STP issue.
I'm wondering about installing this switch (Linksys EG008W). But according to its specifications there is no metion about the specific protocol you mentioned.
Its datasheet says:
Key Features

8 RJ-45 10/100/1000Mbps auto-sensing half/full duplex switched ports
All ports suppport auto MDI/MDI-X cable detection
Fully compliant with IEEE 802.3, 802.3u, 802.3x, 802.3ab
Non head-of-line blocking architecture
Full-duplex IEEE 802.3x flow control and half-duplex backpressure with intelligent port-based congestion detection and broadcast rate control

This IEEE compliant is compatible with sonos STP requirements?

Thanks
Rougu,

Please don't take this the wrong way, I am still waiting for clarification, but this statement I feel does not provide the full requirements:

Workaround:

Manually configure trunk connections between core switches at path cost 10. If done so, the Sonos zoneplayers will use the nearest wired connection!


By trunk connections, do you mean between cascaded switches and/or link aggregation?

On the Cisco switches I am configuring the port that connects to the next switch is not configurable, it defaults to a path cost of 0.

I think the post is lacking the statement that each port on the switch that is wired to a Sonos ZP also needs a path cost of 150 or less to avoid the SonosNet connecting to a near by ZP as well as the wired connection. Is this correct? If so, please include in your post, would be helpful for the novices :)

Thanks.

Workaround:

Manually configure trunk connections between core switches at path cost 10. If done so, the Sonos zoneplayers will use the nearest wired connection!


+1 for the workaround. Linksys (Cisco) SLM2008 switches also appear to use 802.1t for path costs. Manually setting 802.1d path costs results in the network using wired links in preference to wireless. Also had to lower the bridge priority (to 0) on one of the switches to ensure that my Zone Players weren't being elected root bridge.


Wish list:

Sonos is encouraged to use the current standard 802.1t for path cost to avoid problems with switch trunks in current standard configurations.


+1 for the wish list although I'd propose that Sonos make this configurable.